What characterizes a black body in physics?

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A black body is defined in physics as an idealized physical object that absorbs all incoming radiation, regardless of the wavelength or frequency. This characteristic means that a black body does not reflect or transmit any radiation; instead, it converts all absorbed energy into internal energy, which can then be emitted as thermal radiation.

This emission is not at specific wavelengths but instead follows Planck's law, which describes how a black body emits radiation across a continuous range of wavelengths, depending on its temperature. The concept of a black body is fundamental in understanding thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, and the nature of radiation, particularly in the context of black body radiation and the spectrum of emitted radiation described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law.

In this context, the correct answer highlights the unique properties of a black body, emphasizing its ability to absorb all incoming radiation without reflection.

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